To Quote Hamlet Act Iii Scene Iii
Introduction
"To be or not to be, that is the question" is perhaps the most famous quote from Shakespeare's Hamlet. However, Act III Scene III contains another quote that is just as powerful and thought-provoking. In this scene, Hamlet has the opportunity to kill his uncle, who he believes murdered his father. Yet, he hesitates, and in that moment, delivers a soliloquy that explores the nature of guilt, revenge, and the human condition.
The Context
Before we dive into the quote, let's set the stage. In Act III Scene III, Hamlet has been tasked by his father's ghost to avenge his murder. He has already begun to suspect his uncle, Claudius, and has put on an "antic disposition" to throw off suspicion. In this scene, he comes across Claudius praying alone, and has the perfect opportunity to kill him. However, he decides not to, fearing that Claudius would go to heaven and escape punishment for his crimes.
The Quote
The quote in question comes after Hamlet decides not to kill Claudius. He says:
"Now might I do it pat, now he is praying;
And now I'll do't. And so he goes to heaven;
And so am I revenged. That would be scann'd:
A villain kills my father; and for that,
I, his sole son, do this same villain send
To heaven."
This quote is often interpreted as Hamlet's moment of weakness, where he fails to act on his desire for revenge. However, upon closer inspection, it reveals much more about his character and his worldview.
The Analysis
Firstly, the language Hamlet uses is important. He says "now might I do it pat", meaning he could kill Claudius easily and without any consequences. This shows that he is not afraid to take action, but rather is concerned with the morality of his actions.
Secondly, his concern with Claudius going to heaven reveals his belief in the afterlife and the concept of divine justice. He is not just seeking revenge for his father's murder, but also wants to ensure that justice is served in the eyes of God.
Thirdly, his use of the word "villain" to describe both Claudius and himself highlights the moral ambiguity of revenge. Hamlet recognizes that by seeking revenge, he is stooping to the same level as the person he seeks to punish.
The Significance
This quote is significant because it reveals Hamlet's internal conflict and his struggle to reconcile his desire for revenge with his moral compass. It also raises questions about the nature of justice and the role of the individual in seeking it. Is it justifiable to seek revenge, even if it means breaking moral codes and risking damnation?
Furthermore, this quote is a turning point in the play, as it marks the moment where Hamlet begins to question his own sanity and the validity of his mission. It sets the stage for the rest of the play, where Hamlet's mental state deteriorates and his actions become increasingly erratic.
The Legacy
This quote has become one of the most famous and quoted lines from Hamlet, and from Shakespeare in general. It has been referenced and parodied in countless works of literature, film, and popular culture. It has also become a symbol of the existential angst that Hamlet embodies, and the universal themes of life, death, and morality that the play explores.
Conclusion
"To be or not to be" may be the most iconic quote from Hamlet, but Act III Scene III contains another quote that is just as powerful and significant. Hamlet's soliloquy reveals his inner turmoil and his struggle to reconcile his desire for revenge with his moral compass. It raises questions about the nature of justice and the role of the individual in seeking it. And it has become a lasting symbol of the universal themes and timeless relevance of Shakespeare's work.
